Learning Python By Example #2: Bagels

# Adding Al's header
# His version and my subsequent version of it are
# CC-BY-NC-SA - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/
"""Bagels, by Al Sweigart [email protected]
A deductive logic game where you must guess a number based on clues.
View this code at https://nostarch.com/big-book-small-python-projects
A version of this game is featured in the book "Invent Your Own
Computer Games with Python" https://nostarch.com/inventwithpython
Tags: short, game, puzzle"""

import random

NUM_DIGITS = 3
MAX_GUESSES = 10

def main():
  print('''Bagels, a deductive logic game.
By Al Sweigart [email protected]

I am thinking of a {}-digit number with no repeated digits
Try to guess what it is. Here are some clues:
When I say:      That means:
  Pico           One digit is correct but in the wrong position.
  Fermi          One digit is correct and in the right position
  Bagels         No digit is correct.

For example, if the secret number was 248 and your guess was 843, the
clues would be Fermi Pico.'''.format(NUM_DIGITS))


# If the program is run (instead of imported), run the game:
if __name__ == '__main__':
  main()

while True:
    #This stores the secret number the player needs to guess:
    secretNum = getSecretNum()
    print('I have thought up a number.');
    print(' You have {} guesses to get it.'.format(MAX_GUESSES))

    numGuesses = 1
    while numGuesses <= MAX_GUESSES:
      guess = ''
      #Keep looping until they enter a valid guess
      #Greg's Note: "valid" = 3 digits
      while len(guess) != NUM_DIGITS or not guess.isdecimal():
        print('Guess #{}: '.format(numGuesses))
        guess = input('> ')

      clues = getClues(guess, secretNum);
      print(clues)
      numGuesses += 1

      if guess == secretNum:
        break # they're correct, so break the loop
        # Greg's note: Congrats come in the getClues function
      if numGuesses > MAX_GUESSES:
        print('You ran out of guesses.')
        print('The answer was {}'.format(secretNum))

    # Ask player if they want to play again
    print('Do you want to play again? (yes or no)')
    if not input('> ').lower().startswith('y'):
      break
  print('Thanks for playing!')

def getSecretNum():
  # Returns a string made up of NUM_DIGITS unique random digits
  numbers = list('0123456789') #create a list of digits from 0-9
  random.shuffle(numbers) #shuffle them into random order

  # Get the first NUM_DIGITS in the list for the secret number
  secretNum = ''
  for i in range(NUM_DIGITS):
    secretNum += str(numbers[i]);
  return secretNum

def getClues(guess, secretNum):
  #Returns a string with the clues based on the guess
  if guess == secretNum:
    return 'You got it!'

  clues = []

  for i in range(len(guess)):
    if guess[i] == secretNum[i]:
      clues.append('Fermi')
    elif guess[i] in secretNum:
      clues.append('Pico')
  if len(clues) == 0:
    return "Bagels"
  else:
    # sort the clues into alpha order so their position doesn't give info away
    clues.sort()
    # join the clues into a single string
    return ' '.join(clues)


# If the program is run (instead of imported), run the game:
if __name__ == '__main__':
  main()

K:\MyProjects\PyProj>python 01-bagels.py
Bagels, a deductive logic game.
By Al Sweigart [email protected]

I am thinking of a 3-digit number with no repeated digits
Try to guess what it is. Here are some clues:
When I say:      That means:
  Pico           One digit is correct but in the wrong position.
  Fermi          One digit is correct and in the right position
  Bagels         No digit is correct.

For example, if the secret number was 248 and your guess was 843, the
clues would be Fermi Pico.
I have thought up a number.
 You have 10 guesses to get it.
Guess #1:
> 123
Pico
Guess #2:
> 345
Bagels
Guess #3:
> 678
Pico Pico
Guess #4:
> 278
Pico
Guess #5:
> 168
Pico Pico
Guess #6:
> 167
Pico Pico Pico
Guess #7:
> 716
You got it!
Do you want to play again? (yes or no)
> n
Thanks for playing!