Don't use root to login. Instead create a new user
Create a new user
adduser chloe[Can be any name]
Now add chloe to sudo group
sudo usermod -aG sudo chloe.
Since you created a new user, add the public key to that user .ssh folder. It's usually located at /home/chloe. Create a new .ssh folder and create authorized_keys if not exist and paste public key inside.
# Login into remote server and navigate to /home/chloe
# Create a new .ssh folder
sudo mkdir /home/chloe/.ssh
# Create file 'authorized_keys'
# Paste client public key inside
# Save it
sudo nano authorized_keys
Next, change the ownership of the folder to chloe.